如何避免测绘行业“周正龙现象”的出现
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; "><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 黑体; color: rgb(72, 4, 10); ">用</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(72, 4, 10); ">GPS</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 黑体; color: rgb(72, 4, 10); ">全球卫星定位系统进行工程坐标放样之前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(72, 4, 10); "><op></op></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; "><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 黑体; color: rgb(72, 4, 10); ">如何把</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(72, 4, 10); ">dwg</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 黑体; color: rgb(72, 4, 10); ">图纸里的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(72, 4, 10); ">dat</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 黑体; color: rgb(72, 4, 10); ">坐标数据快速自动地导入至</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(72, 4, 10); ">GPS</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 黑体; color: rgb(72, 4, 10); ">手簿中</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(72, 4, 10); "><op></op></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">先用相关软件打开后缀名为</span><span lang="EN-US">dwg</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">的图形文件，用菜单里的：“计算与应用”→“指定点生成数据文件”，把待放样点坐标一个个用鼠标手工捕捉、导出、保存到桌面上。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">导出完毕，桌面上会自动生成一个</span><span lang="EN-US">dat</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">文件，这个文件就是原始的待放样点规划坐标数据文件。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">用手工捕捉导出待放样点规划坐标时要仔细小心，不得有误。如果这一步不出差错，以后出错的概率就几乎为零。</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">为防止</span><span lang="EN-US">GPS</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">手簿不认识中文，把</span><span lang="EN-US">dat</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">文件重命名，比如：“</span><span lang="EN-US">fy0103</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">”，即</span><st1chsdate year="2008" month="1" day="3" islunardate="False" isrocdate="False" wst="on"><span lang="EN-US">1</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">月</span><span lang="EN-US">3</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">日</span></st1chsdate><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">放样之意，并同时把后缀名改为“</span><span lang="EN-US">txt</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">”。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">打开这个“</span><span lang="EN-US">fy0103.txt</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">”的文件，把第一行表示点号总数的数字删除，使第二行的坐标数据从第一行开始排列起，保存，退出。</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">按照平时的使用习惯，将电脑和</span><span lang="EN-US">GPS</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">手簿连接起来，开启数据传输软件，“发送”→“添加”。“桌面”→“文件类型：用逗号分界的坐标文件（</span><span lang="EN-US">*.txt</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">）”→“</span><span lang="EN-US">fy0103.txt</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">”</span>
<span style="font-family: 宋体; ">→“选择”。“全部传输”，传输结束。关闭数据传输软件。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">这样，这次待放样点的规划坐标数据统统传进了</span><span lang="EN-US">GPS</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">手簿内。到这一步，已脱离电脑，下面可以在手簿上操作了。</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">不信，可以用</span><span lang="EN-US">Microsoft
Activesync </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">软件查看手簿里的内容，确实多了一个新文件：“</span><span lang="EN-US">fy0103.txt</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">”。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">如果不习惯使用</span><span lang="EN-US">Activesync
</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">软件，也没关系。因为万一把手簿内的文件误删，它是不进入回收站，直接删除的，很危险。所以，不使用</span><span lang="EN-US">Microsoft Activesync </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">软件也许并不是坏事。</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">下面，把手簿里那个“</span><span lang="EN-US">fy0103.txt</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">”文件再导入到要放样的</span><span lang="EN-US">GPS</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">网格系统内。第一次使用要注意格式“域”的设置。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">设置好了，以后就不用再设置。这对初次尝试者显得尤为重要，北向是</span><span lang="EN-US">3</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">开头，东坐标是</span><span lang="EN-US">5</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">开头，不要搞反，</span><span lang="EN-US">dat</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">文件里的逗号每行一共有</span><span lang="EN-US">4</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">个，不要多了或少了。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 21pt; text-indent: -21pt; "><span lang="EN-US"><span>1.<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">选好当前所使用的工地网格系统。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 21pt; text-indent: -21pt; "><span lang="EN-US"><span>2.<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">文件，导入导出，导入固定格式文件，</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 21pt; text-indent: -21pt; "><span lang="EN-US"><span>3.<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">文件格式：逗号定界的文件（</span><span lang="EN-US">*.CSV,*.TXT</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">）</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 21pt; text-indent: -21pt; "><span lang="EN-US"><span>4.<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">从名称：</span><span lang="EN-US">fy0103.txt</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 21pt; text-indent: -21pt; "><span lang="EN-US"><span>5.<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">点名：域</span><span lang="EN-US">1</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">；点代码：域</span><span lang="EN-US">2</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">；</span><u><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">北向：域</span></u><u><span lang="EN-US">4</span></u><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">；<u>东向：域</u></span><u><span lang="EN-US">3</span></u><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">；</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">高程：域</span><span lang="EN-US">5</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">；</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 21pt; text-indent: -21pt; "><span lang="EN-US"><span>6.<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">接受</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">这样，电脑里待放样点的规划坐标（</span><span lang="EN-US">*.dat</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">数据文件）已经完全导入到</span><span lang="EN-US">GPS</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">手簿里相应的</span><span lang="EN-US">*.dc</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">文件内。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">可以在手簿“文件”→“检查当前任务”中查看到坐标及高程。或者干脆把</span><span lang="EN-US">dc</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">文件再按平常步骤导出至电脑上看看，是不是一样的？</span>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">这个办法一直以来被认为是有理论依据的，理论上完全可以实现，遗憾的是，在本文公布之前，并无可操作的详细方法步骤公布面世。诀窍一经点破就毫无悬念，至此，结束了人工输入大量坐标数据的原始作业方法，采用机器传输能极大提高效率，出错的概率几乎为零，心理压力减少，作业环节消减，对于大量放样任务的圆满完成和老图控制点坐标的检核（三维逆向建模），现实意义尤其重大，仿佛时光倒流，情形再现，也为工程建设的程序法制化、决策科学化，提供了必要的监测取证保全手段，有效遏制了测绘行业“周正龙现象”的出现，有据可查，有人可究，避免重大损失事故。</span><span lang="EN-US"><span>
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<p class="MsoNormal" align="right" style="text-align: right; "><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">【完】</span></p>
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